US and Russia Still Far Apart on Ukraine After Geneva Talks

Russia and the United States gave no sign of narrowing their differences on Ukraine and wider European security in talks in Geneva on Monday, as Moscow repeated demands that Washington says it cannot accept.

Russia has massed troops near Ukraine’s border and demanded the US-led NATO alliance rule out admitting the former Soviet state or expanding further into what Moscow sees as its back yard.

“Unfortunately we have a great disparity in our principled approaches to this. The US and Russia in some ways have opposite views on what needs to be done,” Russian Deputy Foreign Minister Sergei Ryabkov told a news conference.

“We were firm … in pushing back on security proposals that are simply non-starters to the United States,” US Deputy Secretary of State Wendy Sherman said in a separate telephone briefing after nearly eight hours of talks with Ryabkov.

However, Sherman also hinted at the possibility of mutual compromises, saying Washington was open to discussing missile deployments in Europe as well as limiting the size and scope of military exercises.

Washington and Kyiv say 100,000 Russian troops moved to within striking distance of Ukraine could be preparing a new invasion, eight years after Russia seized the Crimean peninsula from its neighbor.

Russia denies any such plans and says it is responding to what it calls aggressive behavior from the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) and Ukraine, which has tilted toward the West and aspires to join the alliance.

Ryabkov repeated a set of sweeping demands including a ban on further NATO expansion and an end to its activity in the central and eastern European countries that joined after 1997.

“For us it’s absolutely mandatory to make sure that Ukraine never, never, ever becomes a member of NATO,” he said. “We do not trust the other side.”

“We need iron-clad, waterproof, bulletproof, legally binding guarantees. Not assurances, not safeguards, guarantees with all the words ‘shall, must’, everything that should be put in, ‘never ever becoming a member of NATO’. It’s a matter of Russia’s national security,” he added.

“We will not allow anyone to slam closed NATO’s open-door policy,” Sherman told reporters, saying the United States “will not make decisions about Ukraine without Ukraine, about Europe without Europe, or about NATO without NATO.”

RUSSIAN URGENCY

The build-up of troops near Ukraine, has raised US-Russia tensions to their highest levels since the end of the Cold War.

Both sides said Russia had stated that it did not intend to invade, something Ryabkov said could never happen, but Sherman said she did not know if Russia was willing to de-escalate, which she defined as Russian troops returning to their barracks.

The Russian complained that the US side did not show an understanding of the urgency of the situation. While there was no deadline, Russia was not prepared to wait weeks or months, he said.

Ryabkov said Russia needed to see movement by NATO, and failure to provide that would be a mistake that would damage NATO’s own security.

Russia would respond in a “military-technical” way if talks broke down, he said – a possible reference to redeploying intermediate-range nuclear (INF) missiles in Europe, which he said last month could happen if the West declined to respond.

Sherman said if Russia walked away from the talks, it would be clear it was never serious about diplomacy.

She also said Washington was open to discussing a possible deal on INF missiles along the lines of the now-defunct INF treaty between the US and Russia and Russia’s proposal to set limits on the size and scope of military exercises.

The United States formally withdrew from the landmark 1987 INF pact with Russia in August 2019 after determining that Moscow was violating the treaty, an accusation the Kremlin has denied.

The treaty banned land-based missiles with a range of between 310 and 3,400 miles.

Despite the lack of obvious progress, the atmosphere between the two sides appeared cordial.

Sherman called it a frank and forthright discussion, while Ryabkov said it was difficult but professional and that the US. had approached the Russian proposals seriously.

He said Russia would decide on the prospects for progress after further meetings with NATO members in Brussels on Wednesday and with the Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe in Vienna on Thursday.

US State Department spokesman Ned Price said he did not expect a breakthrough in either meeting but Washington and Moscow would touch base after them to explore the way forward.